ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY IN SOME PONDS AT NEW DAMIETTA -EGYPT
Phytoplankton diversity and biomass in five ponds at New Damietta (El-Ladamin; Western New Damietta 1, W1; Western New Damietta 2, W2; Eastern New Damietta 1, El; and Eastern New Damietta 2, E2) differed in salinity and pollution level were studied over a full year (from January to December 1998) relative to irrigation water (Halawa canal). Salinity was low at Halawa canal and El-Ladamin pond but high at Western and Eastern New Damietta ponds. These results were in agreement to great extent with hardness, alkalinity and contents of nitrate, phosphate, sulphate, sodium, potassium, copper and zinc but inversely proportional with dissolved oxygen. However, 136 of algal taxa were identified at the irrigation canal, 120 at El-Ladamin pond, 107 at WI , 64 at W2, 13 at El and only 12 at E2. Phytoplankton standing crop of Halawa canal and El-Ladamin pond was mainly due to Euglenophyta and Bacillariophyta but due to Dinophyta and Cyanophyta at W1, to Cyanophyta, Dinophyta and Bacillariophyta at W2 and exclusively to Chlorophyta or Cyanophyta blooming at El or E2, respectively. Diversity index indicated that Halawa and El-Ladamin water was slightly polluted while the Western ponds (W1 and W2) were moderately polluted but the Eastern ponds (El and E2) were heavily polluted. Saprobic situation revealed that irrigation water located in a—oligosaprobic zone, El-Ladamin in f3"-mesosaprobic, the Western ponds in a—mesosaprobic and the Eastern ponds in a-polysaprobic. Compound eutrophication indicated that nature of water was eutrophic at Western and Eastern ponds but mesotrophic at Halawa bay and El-Ladamin pond.
https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_113422_556a5f8122afab23eac9aea7b451033a.pdf
2002-11-30
1
15
10.21608/egyjs.2002.113422
Mohamed
Deyab
1
Botany Department, Faculty of Science at Damietta, Mansoura University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mamdouh
Nemat Alla
2
Botany Department, Faculty of Science at Damietta, Mansoura University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Magda
El Adl
3
Botany Department, Faculty of Science at Damietta, Mansoura University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
PHYTOPLANKTON SPECIES COMPOSITION AND SOME PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF NEWLY MAN MADE CANAL (EL-SALAM CANAL), EGYPT
One of the giant projects that are presently adopted by the government is that of the reclamation of desert land in Sinai as a trial to make use of each drop of wasted desert water. Towards that goal the water that is being continuously drained into the Mediterranean has been consumed in the construction of a new man made canal El-Salam canal. It has been mixed with 50% of agricultural drainage water through some of the drains that streams into Manzalah canal as Hadous and Serw drains. The main concept for constructing such a canal is to carry fresh water to arid lands in Sinai. Yet such projects may have both positive as well as negative sequels.
The present study has been conducted to measure some physical parameters as water temperature and transparency, depth of water and electric conductivity. All parameters were found to increase towards the west. This is primarily due to the influence of mixing with agricultural drainage water. Some chemical parameters (dissolved oxygen; nitrites; nitrates; ammonia; inorganic phosphorus) were also measured where most of them showed significant increase in concentration.
One hundred and fifteen phytoplankton species were studied. Chlorophyceae were the most abundant followed by Bacillariophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae &Chrysophyceae, respectively. The highest density for phytoplankton recorded was during the spring season. In addition, chlorophyll a was investigated as an indication of the biomass. There is an inverse proportional relation was found between chlorophyll a and transparency. Statistical analysis was undertaken to clarify the relation between biomass and phytoplankton with the physical and chemical parameters.
https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_113423_b08de6642f74b7a469d2ad906b638cd2.pdf
2002-11-30
17
32
10.21608/egyjs.2002.113423
phytoplankton
El-Salam Canal
Diversity Index
Trophic State Index
Hussien
Touliabah
1
Botany Department, Girls College for Arts, Sciences and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
STANDING CROP AND DISTRIBUTION OF ALGAL POPULATIONS OF ISMAILIA CANAL IN RELATION TO POLLUTANTS OF THE CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS FACTORY AT ABU-ZABAL
The present study represents a comprehensive monthly investigation at the polluted sector in the Ismailia Canal facing chemicals and fertilizers factory at Abu-Zabal, compared with unpolluted sector at El-Mezallat region. The changes in algal standing crop and physico-chemical characteristics of Ismailia Canal water at the two sectors were studied from September, 1996 to August, 1997. The standing crop showed distinct seasonal variations. The dominance of algal groups was arranged in the following descending classes:
Chlorophyceae > Bacillariophyceae > Cyanophyceae > Dinophyceae. The number of species recovered in the polluted sector was lower but always higher in the total algal count than in the control sector. At polutted site, the values of pollution index ranged between 0.016 and 0.056. On the other hand levels of eutrophication index ranged from 0.70 to 2.07. These data indicate that Ismailia Canal water facing chemicals and fertilizers factory at Abu-Zabal is oligotrophic to mesotrophic with heavy inorganic pollution.
https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_113424_9aae35345d1455055e7340086a4be81b.pdf
2002-11-30
33
48
10.21608/egyjs.2002.113424
Abu-Zabal
chemicals and fertilizers
Ismailia Canal
phytoplankton
pollution
Amin
Dowidar
1
Biological Sciences and Geology Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Said
El-Attar
2
Biological Sciences and Geology Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Rabea
Shehab
3
Biological Sciences and Geology Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
OPTIMIZATION OF B-CAROTENE PRODUCTION IN DUNALIELLA SALINA TEOD. GROWN ON DIFFERENT NATURAL MEDIA
Synthesis of β -carotene and chlorophylls in Dunaliella salina cells grown on whey, fermentation liquor and molasses were studied. The obtained results indicated that : [1] Fermentation liquor at concentration of 0.4% in 1/4 MH medium could replace the original MB medium. This state of culturing will save the chemicals used in the MR medium. [2] The amount of β-carotene synthesized in the presence of whey and fermentation liquor after 8 days of culturing were higher than the other culture treatments. [3] CaC12.2H2O was found to be a significant factor for the synthesis of β -carotene in Dunaliella salina. [4] NaC1 was the most significant factor affecting β -carotene synthesis in Dunaliella salina. [5] β -carotene optimization obtained at a medium where all the factors were absent except NaCl.
https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_113426_0828aaf301845145c5989e26ab34e7e6.pdf
2002-11-30
49
58
10.21608/egyjs.2002.113426
Dunaliella salina
β -carotene
Optimization
A.
Kassem
1
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University,
AUTHOR
A.
Khaleafa
2
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University,
AUTHOR
S.
Shaalan
3
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University,
AUTHOR
D.
Maghrabi
4
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University,
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER OF THE GELATIN AND COLLOIDS FACTORY ON ALGAL POPULATIONS OF ISMAILIA CANAL WATER IN BATCH CULTURES
The addition of different concentrations of industrial wastewater of the gelatin and colloids factory to batch cultures of some algal populations of Ismailia Canal water, grown under optimum laboratory conditions, resulted generally in remarkable alterations in the species composition, total algal counts and percentage composition of the main algal taxa of these populations. Such effects were reflected in the disappearance of some species and the decease or increase in cell counts of other species. The total algal count was increased at low and moderate concentrations (10%, 20% and 40%) but was decreased at high concentrations (60% and 80%).
Species number was decreased in all treated cultures relevant to that of the control. Such drop was progressively increased with further rise in the concentration of the industrial waste.
Within all concentrations of the industrial waste of Gelatin and colloids factory the recorded species exhibited variable degrees of tolerance. Generally, out of all species, 34 species were tolerant whereas 12 species were moderately sensitive, on the other hand, 26 species were highly sensitive.
https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_113429_940594828247b60f7f3a063a015d590a.pdf
2002-11-30
59
72
10.21608/egyjs.2002.113429
Algal populations
Gelatin Factory
Ismailia Canal
pollution
Amin
Dowidar
1
Biological Sciences and Geology Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Said
El-Attar
2
Biological Sciences and Geology Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Rabea
Shehab
3
Biological Sciences and Geology Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
MASS PRODUCTION OF CHLORELLA VULGARIS BEYERINK AND ITS SUITABILITY TO BE USED FOR FEEDING SILVER CARP FISH (HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLITRIX)
A trial was carried out to sustain the most suitable conditions for using Chlorella vulgaris cells in feeding silver carp fish. Chlorella vulgaris cells were found to be rich in amino acids content Leucine, isoleucine, lysine, threonine, treptophan, phenylalanine + tyrosine and valine contents were higher than those of the FAO pattern of fish diet The sulphur containing amino acids (methionine + cystine) were lower. Fish yield , specific growth rate and protein content reached their maximum level at 20% of dried algal biomass supplemented to artificial fish, but further supplementations were of negative effect. The study of the biochemical composition of fish reared on the different variance of artificial feed (AF) with different dry algal cells supplements showed an increase of protein content of fish up to 20% supplementation, which decreased again on further substitution of AF. The level of ammonia content in water fish tank showed certain success when fish fed contain 20% of dried algal biomass supplemented artificial fish food compared with other treatments. Their content of water ammonia fish tanks increased with the increase of nitrogen content of the tested diet variance.
https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_113437_9cbda17d9452af7aaa468c271e497792.pdf
2002-11-30
73
83
10.21608/egyjs.2002.113437
Chlorella Vulgaris
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
A.
Kobbia
1
Faculty of science Cairo University
AUTHOR
E.
Shabana
2
Faculty of science Cairo University
AUTHOR
Z.
Nagday
3
Agriculture Research center, Abbassa, Sharkia
AUTHOR
M.
Battah
4
Faculty of science Zagazig University Benha Branch
AUTHOR
A.
Dawah
5
Agriculture Research center, Abbassa, Sharkia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AN EGYTPTIAN MARINE CYANOBACTERIUM LYNGBYA MAJUSCULA GOMONT
The cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula was found to form mats on the submerged pneumatophores and leaves of Mangrove plants in the red sea. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of L. majuscula mats were bioassayed for their bioactivity against mice, Artemia salina, fungi and bacteria. The results of this study revealed that both aqueous and methanolic extracts were not toxic to mice at a concentration of 0.5g/ml. The aqueous extract did not have any effect either on Artemia or bacteria. The methanolic extract of this cyanobacterium exhibited a toxicity against A. salina with LC50 value of 0.3 g/ml. Also, the methanolic extract inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 0.3, 0.2, 0.45 g/ml, respectively. Both aqueous and methanolic extracts with MIC of 0.13 g/ml had antifungal activity against all tested fungi, except Botryodiplodia which has been affected only by methanolic extract. In conclusion, the data point out that the methanolic extract of L. majuscula has antibacterial and antifungal activities, while aqueous extract has antifungal activity only. This finding indicates that the marine cyanobacterium L. majuscula could contain more than one bioactive substance.
https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_113441_316295b1c04216f6e40ea49ecd97e75f.pdf
2002-11-30
84
91
10.21608/egyjs.2002.113441
Zakaria
Mohamed
1
Botany Department, Faculty of Science (Sohag), South Valley University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Abdel-Wahab
2
Botany Department, Faculty of Science (Sohag), South Valley University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hassan
El-Sharouny
3
Botany Department, Faculty of Science (Sohag), South Valley University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
AZOLLA AND CYANOBACTERIA AS POSSIBLE NITROGEN BIOFERTILIZER SOURCE IN RICE PRODUCTION
A greenhouse experiment was carried out to study the effect of Azolla and /or cyanobacteria inoculation each alone or in combination with chemical nitrogen fertilizer (urea) on rice growth and yield production. Slightly higher rice yield observed in cyanobacteria (SBI) inoculated plots were not significantly different from corresponding non- inoculated treatments. Applying 60 kg Nha-l as urea or as Azolla had similar effect on grain yield. Highest yield was obtained with the combination of 30 kg Nha-l as urea and 30 kg Nha-l as Azolla. This value was not significantly different from the values obtained with 60 kg Nha-l as urea but was significantly higher than that obtained with 60 kg Nha-l as Azolla. Azolla and / or cyanobacteria did not affect the rice harvest index . The nitrogen use efficiency decreased with increasing nitrogen level. The highest plant nitrogen uptake was recorded when Azolla mixed with urea at 30 kg Nha-l each.
Results show that Azolla application alone or in combination with urea is more beneficial to rice than inoculation with cyanobacteria. Azolla also increased significantly the soil organic carbon content.
https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_113445_f5f6ee9cc76c3a20c9cd6b0c246f591c.pdf
2002-11-30
93
101
10.21608/egyjs.2002.113445
Sanaa
Mussa
1
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo university, Giza , Egypt.
AUTHOR
S.T.
Tantawy
2
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo university, Giza , Egypt.
AUTHOR
F.
Ghazal
3
Agricultural Microbiology Department, Soils, Water Res. & Environ. Institute, Agric., Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
HAZARD APPLICATION OF TWO COMMON INSECTICIDES (LARVIN AND SEVIN ) ON THE GROWTH, METABOLIC ACTIVITY AND NITROGEN FIXING CAPACITY OF CYANOBACTERIA.
Two soil cyanobacterial species were used to investigate the factors affecting the toxicity of two common used insecticides, larvin (Dimethyi N,N-[thiobis (methyl amino carbonyloxy)]-bis-(ethanimidothioate) and sevin (1-Naphthyl N-methylcarbamate) to soil microflora. The heterocystic filamentous Anabaena subtropica Gardner and Anabaena variablis Kutzing ex.Born. et Flah., were exposed to four concentrations (5,15,20 and 40 mg L-1) of larvin and sevin. Differential growth effects were observed among the two cyanobacterial species exposed to all insecticides concentrations. Selected properties of the test cyanobacteria (chl a, dry weight, O2 evolution, nitrogenase activity, total soluble proteins, total lipids and fatty acid contents of the total lipids) were measured and examined for their relationship to larvin and sevin sensitivity. Strong inhibiting percentages in all measured parameters in both Anabaena species under the different pesticides concentrations of larvin and sevin except the total lipids were recorded, suggesting that these attributes to the potential hazard of these insecticides to soil microflora and subsequently natural ecosystems.
https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_113449_45a10c9d03b384660567d6abb08ebb5b.pdf
2002-11-30
103
115
10.21608/egyjs.2002.113449
Anabaena
Larvin
Sevin
Hazard evaluation
Ibraheem
Ibraheem
1
Botany Dept., Fac. of Sci., Cairo Univ. (Beni-Suef Branch), Beni-Suef Egypt.
AUTHOR