The Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130EFFECT OF THE INSECTICIDE ABAMECTIN ON THE METABOLIC ACTIVITY OF CHLORELLA VULGARIS BEYERINCK11211453910.21608/egyjs.2007.114539ENA. A.FathiBiology Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi ArabiaM. A.Al-FredanBiology Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20070108This investigation studied the effects of Abamectin on the growth and some physiological activities of <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em>. The results showed that growth parameters decreased with increase in Abamectin concentrations. All the applied treatments of Abamectin strongly reduced the total sugars contents, total protein and total amino acids of<em> Chlorella vulgaris</em>. The drop was more prominent and highly significant at higher dose. The data also showed that Abamectin treatment suppressed the activity of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, GOT and GPT of <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em>. https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114539_d3a1a5b8a027f6a377841acffe6ae7e6.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130HUMIC ACID STIMULATION OF GROWTH AND OPTIMIZATION OF BIOCHEMICAL PROFILES IN TWO MICROALGAL SPECIES PROPOSED AS LIVE FEEDS IN AQUACULTURE132811454010.21608/egyjs.2007.114540ENNagwa Gamal-ElDinMohammadyDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Muharram Beck, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.Journal Article20070119A series of batch culture experiments of two marine microalgae <em>Dunaliella salina</em> Teodoresco and <em>Nannochloropsis salina</em> Hibberd was conducted at various humic acid (HA) concentrations (0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 mgL<sup>-1</sup>) to evaluate the stimulatory potential of HA on the growth (expressed as a biomass concentration), pigment production (chlorophyll <em>a</em> and carotenoids) and C/N ratio. The impact of HA on the proximate composition (moisture, ashes,dietary fiber, crude lipid, available carbohydrates, crude protein and the energy content) was also considered. Results demonstrated a highly significant positive effect of HA on growth, pigment production and proximate analysis (<em>P</em>≤ 0.01). The response of both investigated microalgae to HA show optima in the range of concentration studied, which makes it a low cost-high yield investment.However, C/N ratio in <em>D</em>. <em>salina</em> showed a gradual decrease upon addition of HA. On the other hand a slight increase in the ratio was observed in <em>N. salina</em>.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114540_87e0ae08b9343083e99fad55cee73c60.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130SEASONAL VARIATION ON BIOMASS AND AGAR QUALITY EXTRACTED FROM THE MARINE RED ALGAE PTEROCLADIA CAPILLACEA AND HYPNEA MUSCIFORMIS GROWING ALONG MEDITERRANEAN SEASHORE OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT293811454110.21608/egyjs.2007.114541ENAlaa AhmedFathyDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Muharram Beck, Alexandria University,Alexandria, Egypt.Nagwa Gamal-ElDinMohammadyDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Muharram Beck, Alexandria University,Alexandria, Egypt.Journal Article20070304Seasonal biomass variation, agar yield and some agar properties of <em>Pterocladia capillacea</em> and <em>Hypnea musciformis</em> were examined during the period from July 2003 to June 2004. The maximum biomass values of both studied algae were recorded during winter and the minimum values were obtained during spring and summer. Agar yield of <em>P.</em> <em>capillacea</em> varied from a minimum of 26.6% (dry weight) in August, to a maximum value of 35.6% in October, while that of <em>H.</em> <em>musciformis</em> varied from a minimum of 15.3% at June, to a maximum of 24% at December. The maximum agar gel strengths were recorded at July (being 225 and 158 gcm<sup>-2</sup> of <em>P. capillacea</em> and <em>H. musciformis</em>, respectively). Gelling and melting temperatures showed significant seasonal variation for both studied algal species. Agar yield and quality of <em>P. capillacea</em> and<em> H. musciformis</em> were within the range of accepted commercial values. Yield and gel properties of agar extracted from <em>H. musciformis</em> were comparable with those obtained from <em>P. capillacea</em>. Results also indicated that <em>H.</em> <em>musciformis</em> can be considered as a good candidate for commercial agar use.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114541_93ac8181c7e81e159def156c6d75ae10.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130EPIPELIC AND EPIPHYTIC MICROALGAE AT WADI EL-RAYIAN LAKES, WESTERN DESERT OF EGYPT395211454210.21608/egyjs.2007.114542ENAdel H.KonsowaNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Inland Water Branch
101 Kasr Al Ainy St., Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20070318This study was carried out on microalgae attached with sediment and three submerged macrophyte namely, <em>Potamogeton pectinatus</em> (L.), <em>Myriophyllum spicatum</em> (L.) and <em>Najasarmat</em> (H.) during 2006.Mean Chl. <em>a</em> concentrations on biofilm of sediment varied between 18.50 in autumn and 31.73 mg/m<sup>2</sup> in summer, respectively. Qualitatively, 200 taxa of periphytic microalgae were identified, 73 epipelic taxa and 127 epiphytic algae. Diatoms were the most dominant epipelic algae (> 91%). The pinnate forms of epipelic diatoms(<em>Navicula, Nitzschia,</em> <em>Melosira </em>and <em>Gomphonema</em> spp.) were abundant at the upper lake, while the centric forms (<em>Cyclotella</em> spp.) dominated at the lower one. Similarity index value of epipelic algae showed a weak relationship between the north and the south lakes and disappearance of this relation between the stations of the second lake. Epiphytic algae were represented by Bacillariophyceae (86 taxa), Cyanophyceae (21 taxa), Chlorophyceae (19 taxa) and Dinophyceae (one taxon). The current data revealed that, 71 species were attached with <em>P.</em> <em>pectinatus</em>, 47 with <em>N.</em> <em>armata</em> and 43 species with <em>M. spicatum</em>. Diversity index values of epiphytic diatoms were generally higher than green and blue green algae. Generally, the epiphytic algae are usually more abundant compared to epipelic microalgae inhabiting Wadi El-Rayian Lakes.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114542_d63931cd88065833b9704f457d2acd96.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130TROPHIC STATUS AND PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN WADI EL-RAYIAN LAKES, WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT536611454310.21608/egyjs.2007.114543ENAdel H.KonsowaNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Inland Water Branch, Hydrobiology. 101 Kasr Al Ainy St., Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20070418This study was carried seasonally at WadiEl-RayianLakes during 2006. Total phytoplankton densities in the upper WadiEl-RayianLake were 4.8 fold higher than the lower lake..Their major peak was recorded in winter and the minor in summer.Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae were dominated in the first lake, while Bacillariophyceae and Dinophyceae in the second lake. Cyanobacteria as <em>Microcystis flos-aquae</em>, <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em> and <em>Lyngbya limnetica</em> blooms in the first lake during winter. The algal species in the first lake are mainly freshwater forms while some of those found in the second lake are brackish and marine forms such as <em>Chaetocerous</em> <em>similes</em> Cleve, <em>Prorocentrum</em> <em>micans</em> Ehr., <em>Prorocentrum</em> <em>apora</em> Schiller and. <em>Hermesium</em> <em>adriaticum</em> Zacch which also new record. Diversity index values indicate instability of Wadi El-Rayian depression, its values less than 1 and not exceeding 3. Similarity index exhibited a close relationship between the middle and the southernmost stations of both lakes. According to Carlson's trophic index, the first reservoir is classified as mesotrophic to eutrophic, while the second lake ranged from oligotrophic to eutrophic. Ammonium concentrations were much higher than the oxidized nitrogen in the two lakes under investigations. The trophic status, increased over time through continuous watershed management neighboring this depression.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114543_b2db42bbbf55e0e7e2cdf6c3d46fffbc.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130MORPHOLOGICAL AND TAXONOMICAL STUDIES OF CERTAIN DIATOM SPECIES BELONGING TO FAMILY NAVICULACEAE678011454410.21608/egyjs.2007.114544ENAhmed A.El-AwamriBotany Dept., Faculty of Science, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20070501The objective of this work is to investigate some small-celled diatom species and to reconfirm identification of three species of large-celled naviculoid diatoms. Specimens of this investigation were collected from fresh and marine water habitats in Egypt. These specimens were examined using LM and SEM. Seven species of the genus <em>Navicula </em>Bory are described in this study, six of them are belonging to the sub-genus <em>Navicula</em>, while other one (7 <sup>th</sup>) is belonging to the sub genus <em>Minuscula</em>. Full description using LM and SEM, distribution in Egypt, ecological status and comparison between small celled naviculoid diatoms are given. These species are <em>Navicula cryptocephela</em>, <em>N. gregaria, N. viridula, N. heufileri, N. lanceolata, N. pseudoreinharadti</em> and <em>N. luzonensis</em>. This study added a new record to the diatom flora of Egypt and confirm the identification of <em>Pinnularia alpina </em>and two species of <em>Mastogloia</em>.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114544_68d46abd9a1a2a24c460f0e6d08d75c7.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130RELATIONSHIP EVIDENCES FOR SOME SPECIES BELONGING TO FAMILY ULVACEAE819711454610.21608/egyjs.2007.114546ENEman M.FakhryBotany Dept., Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.Dahlia M.El MaghrabyBotany Dept., Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.Hala M.TahaBotany Dept., Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.MohamedOsmanGenetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Minoufiya University,EgyptJournal Article20070606<em>Ulva</em> and <em>Enteromorpha</em> are two of the most common important genera of green seaweeds grow along the Mediterranean seashore of Alexandria. They are widely regarded as easily distinguishable genera because of their different morphologies. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR, protein profile, infrared spectroscopy of total lipids and absorption spectra of pigments were used to determine phylogenetic relationships among these taxa. The similarity matrixes were used to calculate genetic distances for out grouping the studied species. Data showed that both bladelike and tubular morphologies can occur even with groups exhibiting very little sequence divergence. The switch between blade and tube morphology happens in populations under natural conditions and has occurred at various times throughout the evolutionary diversification of the <em>Ulva</em> and <em>Enteromorpha</em> species.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114546_0caf460c3e668e36e7e63adb14fa8c12.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130CYANOBACTERIA AS ALTERNATIVE BIOLOGICAL CONDITIONERS FOR BIOREMEDIATION OF BARREN SOIL9911711454810.21608/egyjs.2007.114548ENIbraheem B. M.IbraheemBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptJournal Article20070615In this study, synthetic and biological soil conditioners were used to screen their abilities to improvise the barren soil characters. These soil conditioners based on treatment of barren soil samples with urea and / or compost as synthetic soil conditioner or by inoculating the soil samples with <em>Spirulina</em> <em>meneghiniana</em> Zanrd. ex Gomon and / or <em>Anabaena</em> <em>oryza</em>e Fritsch as a biological soil conditioner. The data revealed that, the biological conditioner in a mixture (22.5 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> <em>Anabaena </em>and 22.5kg ha<sup>-1</sup> <em>Spirulina </em>supplied with 7.5 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> urea and 7.5 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> compost) was the most effective one. Also, the soil samples inoculated with this mixture exhibited positive activity of improving soil characters. Moreover, highly significant positive responses of the development features were appeared on lettuce plants transplanted in such soil samples.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114548_8fa551b729ec70d753230a4f64a12840.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130ALLELOPATHIC ACTIVITY OF SOME LOCAL CYANOBACTERIAL EXTRA-METABOLITES AGAINST SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA11912911454910.21608/egyjs.2007.114549ENIbraheem B. M.IbraheemBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.NeveenAbdel-RaoufBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.Journal Article20070620Ten cyanobacterial species (<em>Nostoc calcicola</em> , <em>N. commune, N. entophytum, N. minutum, N. palndosum, N. passerianum, N. punctiforme, Anabaena ambigua, A. amomala, </em>and<em> A. doliolum</em>) were isolated from the mangrove region of Ras Mohammed (Sinai, Egypt) and have been tested for their allelopathic activity that of inhibitory and / or promoting effects against two Gram positive bacteria (<em>Bacillus</em> <em>subtilis</em> and<em> Staphylococcus aureus</em>) and two Gram negative bacteria (<em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Pseudomonas</em> <em>aeruginosa</em>). Data suggested two types of allelopathic effects: one type which always appeared in cyanobacterial medium as in the case with <em>Nostoc minutum </em>(medium that inhibits the growth of all tested bacterial species). The other type is induced only when Cyanobacteria are in contact with bacteria; this is the case when the growth of both <em>Bacillus</em> <em>subtilis</em> and<em> Staphylococcus aureus</em> were inhibited in co-culture with <em>Nostoc commune. </em>On the other hand, promotion effects of bacterial growth were observed when grown in cyanobacterial metabolites in most of studied cyanobacterial species.The biological assays for aqueous and methanolic extracts of the two <em>Nostoc</em> species revealed that both extracts for each species were not toxic at concentrations of 0.52 and 0.59 g L<sup>-1</sup> water extract for <em>Nostoc commune</em> and<em> N</em>. <em>minutum</em>, respectively and 0.31 and 0.425 g L<sup>-1</sup> for methanolic extract for <em>Nostoc commune</em> and<em> N</em>. <em>minutum</em>, respectively. No mortality was observed in tested mice within 72 hourshttps://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114549_7568e5533e62b6e84d862cb36f191238.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF SOME ATTACHED AND DRIFTED MARINE ALGAE FROM ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT13114111455210.21608/egyjs.2007.114552ENAlaa AhmedFathyDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Muharram Beck, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.Journal Article20070720Chemical composition of eight Egyptian marine macroalgae, <em>Ulva lactuca</em> and <em>Enteromorpha linza</em> (Chlorophyceae); <em>Dictyota dichotoma</em>, <em>Sargassum vulgare</em> and <em>Cystoseira</em> <em>spinosa </em>(Phaeophyceae); <em>Pterocladia capillacea</em>, <em>Corallina</em> <em>officinalis</em> and <em>Jania rubens</em> (Rhodophyceae), was determined. Water content in all algae analyzed was high (<80.1%) especially in green algae. Ash content exhibits its highest values in the studied red algae. Total protein values varied within the different studied species, showing the highest value (19.7%) in the red alga <em>Pterocladia capillacea</em>. The two green algal species (<em>U.</em> <em>lactuca</em> and <em>E. linza</em>) showed the highest soluble carbohydrates content (28.4 and 33.4 %, respectively). Crude lipids values represented very low percentage of the chemical composition of the studied algal species. The highest caloric values were recorded for <em>U. lactuca</em> and <em>E.linza</em>. Values of different chemical constituents of the drift algae analyzed were comparable with those values recorded for attached algal specimens. The results of this work support utilization of marine macroalgae as untraditional natural source of protein and carbohydrates. Also, the richness in nutritional composition in drift algae and the ease with which they collected, make it preferable to use them rather than using the attached algae. https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114552_a7ad0229111ff3dd14ca52dfbe27637f.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF EGYPTIAN AND LIBYAN CRUDE OIL EXTRACTS ON THE SYNTHESIS OF SOME METABOLITES OF DUNALIELLA BARDAWIL 14316311455410.21608/egyjs.2007.114554ENM. M.AllamBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, EgyptA. F.KhaleafaBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, EgyptH.El-SalihinBiology Department, Faculty of Science, Omar El-Mokhtar University, LibyaJournal Article20070818The effect of different concentrations of water soluble fractions of crude Egyptian and Libyan oil was tested on the synthesis of some metabolites of <em>D. bardawil</em> – a marine green unicellular alga- that used mainly for fish feeding. The results obtained cleared that toxic stress of crude oil extracts depends mainly on: type and source of oil, concentration of the extract and duration of culture period. Lower concentrations of both oil extracts stimulated synthesis of most measured metabolites while higher concentrations hampered their synthesis or even killed the organism. Libyan crude oil extract is more toxic than Egyptian one. Glycerol was the only metabolite that increased by increasing the concentration of the extract from 25% up to 75% of both types of oils. Total proteins, total carbohydrates and total amino acids content decreased quantitatively by increasing the concentration of extract and period of culture. At higher extract concentrations for both types of crude oils the number of gel bands for protein profile differed also according to the type of oil and concentration of extract. The zymogram obtained for the four studied isozymes cleared that toxicity effect of Libyan oil was more prominent than Egyptian oil.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114554_88c92e3f24155223c7de90d2cfa48546.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130SCINAIA COMPLANATA (COLLINS) COTTON VAR. INTERMEDIA FROM THE MEDITERRANIAN SEA OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT16518411455710.21608/egyjs.2007.114557ENMagda A.ShafikDepartment of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University.Journal Article20070923<em>Scinaia complanata</em> (Collins) Cotton var. intermedia(Rhodophyta) was newly recollected from Abu-Qir locality along Alexandria seashore. The alga showed multiaxial construction, dichotomously branched thallus, attached to the rocks by multicellular rhizoids. The female gametophyte carried unilocular, uninucleate carpogonia produced on carpogonial branches. Constitutive urea-amidolyase was the enzyme responsible for <sup>14</sup>C-urea-degradation in this alga; <sup>14</sup>C-urea transported via passive mechanism. This alga was characterized by its high protein, amino acids, fatty acids, Ash and Mg contents. It was also characterized by absence of mercury, low Ni, Mn, Zn and Co contents; as well as low iodine value.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114557_bd312aa314eeaacd6eac4c9554329856.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON ULVA LACTUCA (L.) THURET FROM RED SEA COAST OF JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA18519411456210.21608/egyjs.2007.114562ENZeinabEl SewafyBotany & Microbiology Dept., Fac. of Science, Al Azhar Univ. (Girl Branch)Naseem IsmaeilRadiBiology Department, Faculty of Science, Om El-Qora University, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20071010The chemical investigation of <em>Ulva lactuca</em> (L.) thuret showed the presence of flavonoids, carbohydrates/glycosides, tannins, steroids, chlorides and sulphates, while free from alkaloids. Also, the free and combined sugars, amino acids, phenolic acids, fatty acids, hydrocarbons, sterols and minerals were analysed quantitatively. The assay of steroidal terpene revealed the presence of 14β-Hpregnan-3one as the main compound.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114562_ddec956522c15a5ea08c421600c5be17.pdfThe Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86498120071130ECONOMIZATION INTENSIVE OUTDOOR MASS PRODUCTION OF THE GREEN ALGA SCENEDESMUS SP.19520611456310.21608/egyjs.2007.114563ENAbo El-Khair BadawyEl-SayedFertilization Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20071029The green alga <em>Scenedesmus</em> sp. was out door scaled-up within three cement open ponds with a final capacity of 15m<sup>3</sup> for each one. The used nutrient solution was composed of tap water enriched by macronutrients (NPK) from commercial sources. Dilution of cultures was done according to growth rate and nutrients supplementation as growth reached their maximum dry weight. Continuous centrifugation was carried out at the end of each batch and the obtained biomass was calculated. A comparison was performed; during long term successive season; as growth was employed under the recommended amount of NPK. It was found that electric power represented the maximum cost and the net cost was found in contrast with the volume of growth unit. In addition, enriched growth medium by extra amount of urea and micronutrients led to yield maximization. Maximum cost was observed during inoculums preparation and the lowest cost was found with cultures grown in large scale.https://egyjs.journals.ekb.eg/article_114563_03b4dc21935566d7acf051828150e391.pdf