The Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86494120030630EFFECT OF PHYTOPLANKTON INOCULATION WITH SOME CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON WATER QUALITY AND GROWTH OF TILAPIA IN AQUACULTURE11811346010.21608/egyjs.2003.113460ENZienab A.NagdiCentral Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abu Hammad, Sharkia, EgyptN. A.IbrahimCentral Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abu Hammad, Sharkia, EgyptM. A.SalemFaculty of Agriculture-Cairo University, EgyptM. M.ShafieFaculty of Agriculture-Cairo University, EgyptJournal Article20030107Fingerlings of hybrid tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> x <em>Oreochromis aureus</em>) were cultured in 18 glass aquaria (75 x 40 x 60 cm). Two species of phytoplankton (<em>Chlorella vulgaris & Scenedesmus </em>spp) were used. The experiment included six treatments; each in three replicate aquaria. The 1<sup>st</sup> treatment (Urea) was fertilization by urea at the rate of 435 mg commercial urea / aquarium. The 2<sup>nd</sup> treatment (Urea+phy.) was the same rate of urea plus the addition of phytoplankton at a rate of 5X10<sup>4</sup> cells/ml of water. The 3<sup>rd</sup> treatment (MSP) was fertilization by mono superphosphate (MSP) at a rate of 830 mg commercial MSP / aquarium. The 4<sup>th</sup> treatment (MSP+phy.) was the same rate of MSP plus the addition of phytoplankton at a rate of 5X10<sup>4</sup> cells/ml. The 5<sup>th</sup> treatment (Urea+MSP) was fertilization with urea and MSP mixture at the rates mentioned above for each fertilizer. The 6<sup>th</sup> treatment was the Control; without any fertilization or phytoplankton application. Phytoplankton played an important role in removing ammonia and nitrite from the water milieu. The average of individual fish body weight (ABW) at the end of the experiment was (29.37 ± 0.60 g) in the Urea+phy. treatment which was significantly (P<0.05) greater than that of the Control (25.22 ± 0.84 g), and the other treatments. The fish in Urea treatment had the lowest value of ABW (19.22 ± 1.30 g), this is ascribed to the elevated values of un-ionized ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) and nitrite concentrations in the water of this treatment. On the contrary Urea+phy. treatment had the lowest values of un-ionized ammonia and nitrite due to uptake of the nitrogenous compounds (urea in this study) from the water milieu by phytoplankton, consequently, the medium become more appropriate for fish growth.The Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86494120030630PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF MICROALGAL SOIL CRUSTS IN A XERIC HABITATS (WADI-ARABA, EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT)193511346110.21608/egyjs.2003.113461ENIbraheem B. M.IbraheemBotany Dept., Fac. of Sci., Cairo Uni. (Beni-Suef Branch), Beni-Suef, Egypt.Journal Article20030116Microalgal crusts of 12 desert plant communities distributed in 3 different stands in Wadi Araba and its tributaries (Eastern Desert, Egypt) were involved in the present investigation. Four sites were selected in each stand. Soil crusts and samples were collected during March 2003, and some physico-chemical characters of these samples in addition to some biotic and abiotic factors were determined. A total of 92 algal species were recorded in all sites. Of these, 48 species belong to Cyanophyta, 20 to Chlorophyta and 24 to Bacillariophyta. The data revealed that the quantity and quality of microbiological algal crusts were governed by the type of the flowering plants as well as by the edaphic factors and physico-chemical characters of the soil.<br /> <strong> </strong><br /> <strong> </strong>The Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86494120030630DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT SOIL ALGAL TAXA IN RELATION TO PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL AT GHARBIA GOVERNORATE375411346210.21608/egyjs.2003.113462ENM. E. H.OsmanBotany Department, Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta, Egypt.A.El-NaggarBotany Department, Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta, Egypt.H. H.OmarBotany Department, Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta, Egypt.G. H.EsmailBotany Department, Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta, Egypt.Journal Article20030204The algal flora of some cultivated soils in addition to edaphic and physico-chemical characters of sols were extensively studied at four different locations in Gharbia Governorate during the period from April 1995 to March 1996. From the total count recorded (218 species) it was found that 143 species belong to cyanophyta, 60 species to chlorophyta, 13 species to Bacillariophyta and 2 species to Euglenophyta. The cyanophyta was frequently encountered constituting 65.5% of the total algal poulations of all soil samples, with predominance of filamentous oscillatoroid forms <em>(Oscillatoria, Phormidium, Lyngbya and Nostoc)</em>. Unicellular and colonial coccoid forms mostly represented chlorophyta, constituting 27.5% of the total recorded algal population. The results also revealed that soil and algal variables varied markedly between locations. Thus, the most soil variables, soil moiture, organic matter, total organic nitrogen, carbonates, silt, clay, Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>+2</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup> ions) were correlated with cyanobacterial growth in the studied locations. Whereas, the occurance of Cholrophyta species was correlated with the most previously mentioned variables in addition to phosphorous. AT the same time, the growth of Bacillariophyta species was correlated with moisture content, pH value, carbonates, sulphates and phosphorous. While, euglenophytes were dependent on organic matter, silt, clay, total N, Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> ions in their maintenance. The Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86494120030630PHYTOPLANKTON AS BIOINDICATOR FOR WATER QUALITY IN RELATIONSHIP WITH FISH MORTALITY IN FISH FARMS AT NORTHEAST OF DAMIETTA - EGYPT.557111346410.21608/egyjs.2003.113464ENMohamed A.DeyabBotany Department, Faculty of Science at Damietta, Egypt.Journal Article20030309The phycological and physico - chemical evaluation was performed in three fish farms at northeast of Damietta (Boghdady, Dorgham and Moamen) as well as their irrigation canals over the period from May 2001 to April 2002. The species number was negatively correlated with water salinity and pollution. The data revealed 32, 25 and 28 species number inside the three fish farms Boghdady, Dorgham and Moamin, respectively. Such number increased to become 96, 72 and 56 respectively at these canals. Phytoplankton biomass was relatively higher in fish farms than that in irrigation canals. Cyanophyta, Bacillariophyta and Pyrrophyta were mostly the dominant phytoplanktonic groups in the different stations. Phycological indices indicated that water was moderately polluted (b-mesosaprobic) in the irrigation canals and heavily polluted (polysaprobic) in the fish farms. There was also low net oxygen production by phytoplankton and high biological oxygen demand in fish farms. The depletion of the dissolved oxygen especially during second half of night in addition to the high concentration of ammonia might lead to fish mortality in subsurface water of fish farms.The Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86494120030630NATURAL BYPRODUCTS AS NUTRIENT ADDITIVES FOR OPTIMIZATION OF PROTEIN CONTENT IN 738611346510.21608/egyjs.2003.113465ENA. M.KassemBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.A. F.KhaleafaBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.S. H.ShaalanBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.D. M.El-MaghrabiBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.Journal Article20030417The present paper aims to formulate a byproduct-supplemented medium suitable for the production of large amounts of protein rich <em>Dunaliella salina</em> biomass. Components of the MH basal growth medium were examined for partial replacement by cheese whey, beet molasses, and yeast fermentation liquor. Maximum growth rate was achieved after 8 days of incubation in the presence of 0.4% fermentation liquor that replaced ¾ of the weight of all medium components other than NaCl. Interestingly, the presence of fermentation liquor or cheese whey resulted in more than 1.5 and1.4-fold increases, respectively, in algal protein production. By application of three sequential multi-factorial experimental designs, medium composition was further optimized with respect to protein content in <em>Dunaliella</em> cultures. Among medium components, fermentation liquor was the most significant factor that affected the response. Compared to the basal condition, the optimized medium formula resulted in approximately a 1.7-fold increase in the protein content of <em>Dunaliella salina</em> cultures.The Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86494120030630NUTRIENT REMOVAL BY PHOTOSYNTHETIC MICROORGANISMS FROM SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER879611346910.21608/egyjs.2003.113469ENFatma T.ZakiBotany Department, Faculty of Science
Cairo UniversityJournal Article20030506The Cyanobactrium <em>Phormidium fragile </em>and the green alga <em>Scenedesmus armatus </em>are chosen in this study for treatment of synthetic wastewater. The growth rate and nutrient removal rates were investigated under different irradiance condition. The growth rate increased with increasing irradiance, reaching a saturation value at 2000 and 1500 Lux for P. <em>fragile</em> and <em>S. armatus</em> respectively. The organic acids removal rates by <em>S. armatus </em>were higher than those removed by <em>P. fragile </em>reaching the maximum values at 1500 and 2000 Lux. On the other hand phosphate, nitrate and ammonia removal rates by <em>P. fragile </em> were higher than those by <em>S. armatus. </em>A mixed culture of both <em>P. fragile </em>and <em>S. armatus</em> was therefore used for simultaneous removal of organic acids, nitrate, ammonia and phosphate. Both acetate and propionate removal rates increased with the increase in the concentration of <em>S. armatus</em> while removal rates of nitrate and phosphate increased with the increasing in the concentrations of <em>P. fragile.</em>The Egyptian Phycological SocietyEgyptian Journal of Phycology1110-86494120030630THE IDENTIFICATION OF SOME DUNALIELLA SPECIES UTILIZING THE GENETIC RELATEDNESS OF PROTEIN, ISOZYME AND DNA BANDING PATTERNS.9711111347410.21608/egyjs.2003.113474ENM. A.OsmanGenetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute - Minoufiya University.A. F.KhaleafaBotany Department - Faculty of Science- AlexandriaS. H.ShaalanBotany Department - Faculty of Science- AlexandriaH. M.TahaBotany Department - Faculty of Science- Alexandria University- Alexandria – EgyptJournal Article20030511Although the different species of <em>Dunaliella</em> are nearly identified but some species in culture collection are still misnamed. In this work the primary and tertiary semantides were analyzed for the identification of four species of <em>Dunaliella</em>. The results of tertiary semantides including protein profile and isozymes pattern revealed that there is no species relation between the four species specially between <em>D. salina</em> and <em>D. bardawil</em>. The results of PCR-RFLP-DNA banding pattern strengthened those obtained from the isozymes and protein profile pattern and proved that <em>D. bardawil</em> is neither a synonymous species of <em>D. salina</em> nor of <em>D. parva</em> but <em>D. bardawil</em> should be regarded as separate species. This basic molecular biology technique recommended to be used in ascertaining the genetic relatedness and diversity of taxa.